Find a quite good website for LSMW
Friday, July 24, 2009
LSMW
Recently, I have done a few LSWM for data migration. Never used LSMW so extensive and realized that LSMW can do so much other that recording method. BAPI, IDOC, direct input and batch input.
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
SAP MM Period
1:OMSY
Logistics - General => Material Master => Basic Settings => Maintain Company Codes for Materials Management
2:MMPV
Menu path - Logistics->Materials Management->MaterialMaster->Other-> Close Period
3:MMRV
Logistics - General => Material Master => Basic Settings => Maintain Company Codes for Materials Management
2:MMPV
Menu path - Logistics->Materials Management->MaterialMaster->Other-> Close Period
3:MMRV
SAP MM Tables
Materials
MARA - Material Master: General data
MAKT - Material Master: Description
MARM - Material Master: Unit of Measure
MAPE - Material master: Export control file
MARC - Material master: Plant data
MARD - Material master: Storage location
MAST - Material link to BOM
MBEW - Material valuation
MLGN – Material Master: WM Inventory
MLGT – Material Master: WM Inventory type
MDIP - Material: MRP profiles (field contents)
MKOP - Consignment price segment (old versions of SAP)
EBEW - Valuation of sales order stock
QBEW - Valuation of project stock
MVER – Material Master: Consumption
DVER – Material Master: Consumption
MVKE – Material Master: Sales
MLAN - Material Master: Tax indicator
MARC - Material Master: Plant data
MAPR – Material Master: Forecast
MARD – Material Master: Storage Location
MCH1 – Material Master: X Plant Batches
MCHA – Material Master: Batches
MCHB – Material Master: Batch Stock
MDMA - MRP Area data
DBVM - MRP Planning File Entry: MRP Area
MOFF - Outstanding Material Master Records (Maintenance status)
MARCH - Material Master C Segment: History
MARDH - Material Master Storage Location Segment: History
MBEWH - Material Valuation: History
MCHBH - Batch Stocks: History
MKOLH - Special Stocks from Vendor: History
MSCAH - Sales Order Stock at Vendor: History
MSKAH - Sales Order Stock: History
MSKUH - Special Stocks at Customer: History
MSLBH - Special Stocks at Vendor: History
MSPRH - Project Stock: History
MSSAH - Total Sales Order Stocks: History
MSSQH - Total Project Stocks: History
Vendors
LFA1 - Vendor Master: General data
LFB1 - Vendor Master: Company data
LFM1 - Vendor Master: Purchasing Data (Purchasing organization)
LFM2 - Vendor Master: Purchasing Data (Plant, Vendor sub-range)
Purchasing
EBAN - Purchase requisition: items
EBKN - Purchase Requisition: account assignment
STXH - SAPScript Text Header
STXL - SAPScript Text Lines
EKKO - Purchasing document header
EKPO - Purchasing Document: Item
EKET - Purchasing Document: Delivery Schedules
MDBS - Material View of Order Item/Schedule Line (good to find open PO's)
EKKN - Account assignment in purchasing document
EORD - Purchasing Source List
EIPA - Order price history record
EKAB - Release documentation
EKBE - Purchasing document history
EKBZ - Purchasing document history: delivery costs
EKPB - "Material to be provided" item in purchasing document
ESKL - Account assignment specification for service line
ESKN - Account assignment in service package
ESLH - Service package header data
ESLL - Lines in service package
ESSR - Service entry sheet header data
ESUC - External services management: Unplanned limits for contract item
ESUH - External services management: unplanned service limits header data
ESUP - External services management: unplanned limits for service packages
ESUS - External services management: Unplanned limits for service types
EINA - Purchase Info Record: General
EINE - Purchasing info record: purchasing organization data
KONP - Condition Item
KONH - Condition Header
Inventory Management
ISEG - Physical inventory document items
MKPF - Material document: Header
MSEG - Material document: item
RKPF - Reservation: Header
RESB - Reservation: Item
Invoice Verification
BSIM - Secondary index: documents for material
MYMFT - FIFO results table
MYML - LIFO material layer
MYMLM - LIFO material layer (monthly)
MYMP - LIFO period stocks, single material
MYMP1 - Receipt data LIFO/FIFO valuation
MYPL - LIFO pool layer
MYPLM - LIFO pool layer (monthly)
RBCO - Document item, incoming invoice account assignment
RBDIFFKO - Invoice Verification: conditions
RBDIFFME - Invoice Verification: quantity differences
RBDRSEG - Invoice Verification batch: invoice document items
RBKP - Document header: incoming invoice
RBKPB - Invoice document header (batch invoice verification)
RBTX - Taxes:incoming invoice
RBVD - Invoice document: summarization data
RBVDMAT - Invoice Verification: summarization data, material
RBWT - Withholding tax:incoming invoice
RKWA - Consignment withdrawals
RSEG - Document item, incoming invoice
Customising and other master data
MDLV - MRP Areas
MDLG - MRP Areas - Storage Locations
MDLW - MRP Areas - Plants
MDLL - MRP Areas - Subcontractor
T023 - Material Groups
T024 - Purchasing groups
T030 - Standard Accounts Table (Automatic Account Determination)
T156 - Movement Type
T156T - Movement Type: Text
AUSP - Release Procedure: Strategy values (cl20n, cl24n)
AGR_USERS - Assignment of roles to users
CDHDR & CDPOS - Change history of master data and documents
EDID4 - EDI information
TSTC - SAP Transaction Codes, lock/unlock: sm01, created: se93
TSTCT - Transaction codes TEXT
NAST - Message status
MARA - Material Master: General data
MAKT - Material Master: Description
MARM - Material Master: Unit of Measure
MAPE - Material master: Export control file
MARC - Material master: Plant data
MARD - Material master: Storage location
MAST - Material link to BOM
MBEW - Material valuation
MLGN – Material Master: WM Inventory
MLGT – Material Master: WM Inventory type
MDIP - Material: MRP profiles (field contents)
MKOP - Consignment price segment (old versions of SAP)
EBEW - Valuation of sales order stock
QBEW - Valuation of project stock
MVER – Material Master: Consumption
DVER – Material Master: Consumption
MVKE – Material Master: Sales
MLAN - Material Master: Tax indicator
MARC - Material Master: Plant data
MAPR – Material Master: Forecast
MARD – Material Master: Storage Location
MCH1 – Material Master: X Plant Batches
MCHA – Material Master: Batches
MCHB – Material Master: Batch Stock
MDMA - MRP Area data
DBVM - MRP Planning File Entry: MRP Area
MOFF - Outstanding Material Master Records (Maintenance status)
MARCH - Material Master C Segment: History
MARDH - Material Master Storage Location Segment: History
MBEWH - Material Valuation: History
MCHBH - Batch Stocks: History
MKOLH - Special Stocks from Vendor: History
MSCAH - Sales Order Stock at Vendor: History
MSKAH - Sales Order Stock: History
MSKUH - Special Stocks at Customer: History
MSLBH - Special Stocks at Vendor: History
MSPRH - Project Stock: History
MSSAH - Total Sales Order Stocks: History
MSSQH - Total Project Stocks: History
Vendors
LFA1 - Vendor Master: General data
LFB1 - Vendor Master: Company data
LFM1 - Vendor Master: Purchasing Data (Purchasing organization)
LFM2 - Vendor Master: Purchasing Data (Plant, Vendor sub-range)
Purchasing
EBAN - Purchase requisition: items
EBKN - Purchase Requisition: account assignment
STXH - SAPScript Text Header
STXL - SAPScript Text Lines
EKKO - Purchasing document header
EKPO - Purchasing Document: Item
EKET - Purchasing Document: Delivery Schedules
MDBS - Material View of Order Item/Schedule Line (good to find open PO's)
EKKN - Account assignment in purchasing document
EORD - Purchasing Source List
EIPA - Order price history record
EKAB - Release documentation
EKBE - Purchasing document history
EKBZ - Purchasing document history: delivery costs
EKPB - "Material to be provided" item in purchasing document
ESKL - Account assignment specification for service line
ESKN - Account assignment in service package
ESLH - Service package header data
ESLL - Lines in service package
ESSR - Service entry sheet header data
ESUC - External services management: Unplanned limits for contract item
ESUH - External services management: unplanned service limits header data
ESUP - External services management: unplanned limits for service packages
ESUS - External services management: Unplanned limits for service types
EINA - Purchase Info Record: General
EINE - Purchasing info record: purchasing organization data
KONP - Condition Item
KONH - Condition Header
Inventory Management
ISEG - Physical inventory document items
MKPF - Material document: Header
MSEG - Material document: item
RKPF - Reservation: Header
RESB - Reservation: Item
Invoice Verification
BSIM - Secondary index: documents for material
MYMFT - FIFO results table
MYML - LIFO material layer
MYMLM - LIFO material layer (monthly)
MYMP - LIFO period stocks, single material
MYMP1 - Receipt data LIFO/FIFO valuation
MYPL - LIFO pool layer
MYPLM - LIFO pool layer (monthly)
RBCO - Document item, incoming invoice account assignment
RBDIFFKO - Invoice Verification: conditions
RBDIFFME - Invoice Verification: quantity differences
RBDRSEG - Invoice Verification batch: invoice document items
RBKP - Document header: incoming invoice
RBKPB - Invoice document header (batch invoice verification)
RBTX - Taxes:incoming invoice
RBVD - Invoice document: summarization data
RBVDMAT - Invoice Verification: summarization data, material
RBWT - Withholding tax:incoming invoice
RKWA - Consignment withdrawals
RSEG - Document item, incoming invoice
Customising and other master data
MDLV - MRP Areas
MDLG - MRP Areas - Storage Locations
MDLW - MRP Areas - Plants
MDLL - MRP Areas - Subcontractor
T023 - Material Groups
T024 - Purchasing groups
T030 - Standard Accounts Table (Automatic Account Determination)
T156 - Movement Type
T156T - Movement Type: Text
AUSP - Release Procedure: Strategy values (cl20n, cl24n)
AGR_USERS - Assignment of roles to users
CDHDR & CDPOS - Change history of master data and documents
EDID4 - EDI information
TSTC - SAP Transaction Codes, lock/unlock: sm01, created: se93
TSTCT - Transaction codes TEXT
NAST - Message status
Saturday, March 21, 2009
SAP default Printer change for Supply
1: OMJ3 Materials Management - Inventory Management - Output Determination - Printer Determination -
2: T024
3:MN05
Saturday, March 14, 2009
Saturday, March 1, 2008
流程制造业如何绕开选型的致命20%?
启东食品公司ERP项目选型的负责人肖雷把一家软件厂商售前顾问送走,匆匆扒了两口快餐,又开始研究起办公桌上的几份不同厂商的调研报告和解决方案建议书。这几天肖雷一直在约见观看不同ERP厂商的产品演示,可把他累坏了。而面前这几份解决方案各有优点和特点,强打精神的肖雷又陷入沉思:到底该如何选型呢? ②副产品处理。在流程型制造业,当一个原料被加工多个成品时,也能出现配方或处方加工成事先没有设计的成品。因此,配方必须有灵活性和抗张强度,以便在仍 然符合车间现有资源和工艺流程的前提下迅速改变所需生产的产品。软件必须在配方和工艺流程变更的整个过程中适应这些变化。当然,也需要保留完整的初始配方 和工艺流程。
这些诸如配方、度量、工艺、包装等问题结合在一起,那将是一个坎坷不平、异常难行的ERP之路。流程型制造企业在选择ERP解决方案时,不仅需要考虑方案 的技术架构、可扩展性和系统的基本功能,更需要从制造和物流的角度出发选择针对流程制造行业设计的专业解决方案。
http://cio.it168.com/t/2007-11-05/200711051555453_1.shtml
方木不能配圆孔
一般而言,制造业分为两类:流程型制造业和离散型制造业。正如方木不可配圆孔一样,不能指望一个针对离散企业的ERP系统能在流程型企业得到成功应用。
由于流程制造中物料的变动性强,工艺流程的制约变量多,造成了其在生产、物流管理上与离散行业的显着差异。流程型行业的配方、副产品、批量生产、严格批号控制等都是流程型行业的特点。
①产品结构。离散制造用的是树状型结构的BOM,这是一种静态固定型的产品结构。最终产品一定是由固定个数的零件或部件组成,这些关系非常明确和固定。而 流程制造的产品结构不能用树状型结构来描述,特别复杂流程制造需要用链式结构。例如首先,上级物料和下级物料之间的数量关系可能随温度、压力、湿度、季 节、人员技术水平、工艺条件不同而不同。其次,在每个工艺过程中,伴随产出的不只是产品或中间产品,可能细分为主产品、副产品、协产品、回流物和废物。
因此,流程企业的产品结构通常采用料率单或配方的概念,一种产品可能有多个料率单或配方。
致命的20%需求
目前,市场上的ERP系统多数是从离散制造业的MRPⅡ发展过来的,对离散制造业比较适合。而流程制造企业在进行ERP选型时,普遍感到非常困难。
在制造行业里面, 80%的需求是一样的,20%的需求是这个行业或者这个企业特殊的需求。因此,无论什么企业选软件的时候首先要知道“我到底要什么”,回答好这个问题然后再去选。国外研究流程制造行业的专家指出,流程制造行业都有20%的特殊性,如果这个称为“致命性”的20%不能满足,就会导致ERP项目会失败。所以选型的时候要非常关注这20%。
(1)配方管理。不要以为配方与物料单相同,一些厂商也许会诱使你相信这一点。配方描述产品的成份及其比例、单位。它的度量单位常常会有不同,为了适应配方管理,必须在ERP系统下具有多度量单位转换引擎。同时,还要能够自行设定转换规则,以适应特有的业务需求。
①生产配方中原料用量和工艺条件的易变动性。流程工业的配方生产不同于离散行业的物料单生产,其每次生产时都会因各批原料属性的不同而产生不同的投料量, 而且产出的最终产品质量也会随着工艺条件(如温度,压力等)的变化而变化。比如,生产苹果果汁时,每批苹果的酸度和含糖量都会不一样。因此为了得到品质一 致的产品,今天生产的果汁需要投入0.8吨苹果,而明天由于批次强度变大只需要投入0.7吨。由此可见,变动性是流程工业最大的特点,而通过变化的原料批 次和工艺流程来生产品质一致的产品成为企业最大的挑战。
②配方中的比例管理也带来流程型的另外一个特性:伸缩性。例如配方要1000升水,但是现在只有500升的纯净水供使用,那么你可以根据配方进行按比例计 算投料生产。在流程型的生产中,可以以最小库存物料数量来生产相应数量的产品。当然,在实施的ERP系统就应该提供这项计算,并应该提供预测分析。
因此,对ERP系统的特殊要求:必须支持配方根据原料的属性和批次强度,动态地调整配方生产用量。还要支持对配方和配方属性的在线调整和分析,最后系统应支持各种版本配方之间的比较分析和转换等等。
(2)原料/产品属性和质量管理。原料/产品的属性和质量是多种因素(时间,温度,压力等)的函数,每批物料的属性都会有所不同。对ERP系统的特殊要求 是对各不同批次的状况,属性,质量和库存要进行追踪控制。流程型物料会随时间的变化而产生变化,它可能会变坏、变好,或完全变成另外一种物料。例如,当物 料因时间而变质,则在这种物料失效期后,其可用量(ATP)计算过程将认为这种物料不再可用;相反,当某物料随时间而变得好了,则ATP计算会在生效期后 才对其予以考虑。
(3)批号管理。流程工业在生产过程中会产生协产品、副产品、废品、回流物等,都需要有严格的批号。当出现问题,可以通过批号反查出问题所在,而离散制造业却不存在这种要求。
另外,召回能力意味着隔离和定位有缺陷的产品,为此核心检测批次和子批次跟踪是必须的。这要求在软件中能快速记录一定批次的属性或子批次跟踪情况。例如, 首先软件中有批次到子批次的继承性,意思是一个批次的特性自动传递给该批次所包含的子批次。其次,批次跟踪应该跟随到产品所通过的任何一个返工流程。连贯 地经历一个返工流程,不应该丢失最初的批次和子批次的特性,除非认为返工时这些特性是毫无意义的。最后,批次和子批次跟踪必须能够保持完整无缺,直到产品 到达客户手中。优秀的软件要具备这样的能力:当这三个需求中的任何一个出现问题时,能进行完整的召回流程。
(4)工艺管理。流程型生产中,各种成份投入到生产过程中要与工艺注程及资源相结合。例如在食品行业中,各成份不是在同一时间投入的。当选择一个流程型制 造ERP软件时,重点除了放在考查现有的产品及配方是否可以纳入到ERP体系外,还需要考查工艺管理是否能满足需求。由于物料反应机理、设备、环境、操作 等等的原因,流程制造过程的波动性很大,所以流程配方需要做动态调整,而离散制造是不存在这种波动的。由于流程制造过程是连续、在线的,停机损失是巨大 的,故库存控制、精细生产比离散生产更加困难。
(5)多计量单位。流程制造在生产全过程的计量很复杂,物料的储运和加工过程中物料转换的计量单位,都要求多计量单位的支持。例如:①转换关系可设置性, 每一批次的物料转换与物料特性可方便设置换算。②是效能关系换算。如物料的成分、浓度、水分,例如一些食品的营养成分。即效能与物流成分、浓度等指标有密 切的重量(体积)和成本关系。③多包装单位换算。包装会在物料的进货、储存、生产、销售的任何过程中发生,而包装单位可以是箱、瓶、捆、槽和集装箱等,这 都需要在各种容器和包装组合里不同的换算。
(6)包装处理。包装定义单与配方是相似的,用来描述其产品如何进行最终装配。流程型企业的产出品往往是散装的,但运送到客户处时却不是散装。为什么要提 包装处理这一概念呢?如果配方与包装定义单捆绑在一个软件模块(功能单元)中,每更换一次包装则要求要更换一次配方。同样,配方更改时也一定要改变包装。 这便会增加维护的工作量,同时也会增加出错的机会。流程型的生产企业中,配方与包装定义要分开在不同的功能模块中进行管理,以减少关联数据的维护工作。
http://cio.it168.com/t/2007-11-05/200711051555453_1.shtml
Tuesday, February 5, 2008
GR/IR
SAP中的GR/IR就是最主要的FI和MM对接中的一部分。涉及到vendor payment的问题也很多,特别是系统经常会block invoices,虽然系统有backgound jobs to release invoice. However, there are still some issues regarding releasing invoices. We have a quite few cases from users about why the system blocks invoices without reasons. We have the answer from SAP company about this. Basically they say our SAP version is quite low 4.5A. With higher version SAP, there are lots of enhancements. No wonder, that is why sometime we can't figure out what is going on with these blocked invoices. We have to release them manually.
But there are still a quire few reasons why invoices are blocked. But they are not obvious.
1: Sub-credit, if uses key in normal credit for sub credit. Then the invoice will be blocked with that credit because the quantity difference.
2: Good receipt is later than invoice received. This sometimes cause the price difference. Because GR doesn't carry price for goods. If the invoice is keyed in, the GR will follow the IR price. Maybe IR price is different with PO price. Then the system will block the invoice.
3:Check the good receipt date with IR date, maybe sometime, the background job hasn't been run to release blocked invoices.
But there are still a quire few reasons why invoices are blocked. But they are not obvious.
1: Sub-credit, if uses key in normal credit for sub credit. Then the invoice will be blocked with that credit because the quantity difference.
2: Good receipt is later than invoice received. This sometimes cause the price difference. Because GR doesn't carry price for goods. If the invoice is keyed in, the GR will follow the IR price. Maybe IR price is different with PO price. Then the system will block the invoice.
3:Check the good receipt date with IR date, maybe sometime, the background job hasn't been run to release blocked invoices.
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